By Ben Pate

The highly affordable Brother HL 2170w printer is ideal for either home or office use. The printer has network capability to be either wireless or run through a wired interface. It prints 23 pages per minute at extremely high resolution per page using 2170w Toner Cartridge. This printer will give your work and personal documents a finish that is polished to perfection.

It only take the printer a few seconds to release its first page and after that page has been dispersed it commences shooting out the additional 22 pages within a few short seconds apart from one another.

The Brother HL 2170w printer even allows you the opportunity to print information on envelopes thanks to its manual feeder option. All pages are printed with a resolution of 2400 x 600 dpi. It runs extremely fast with 32 MB of memory built directly into it. The printer holds up to 250 sheets of paper at one time. You have your choice of choosing what type of paper you would like to utilize as well. The choices are standard paper, legal, or custom-sized paper, which this printer will respectively utilize to perform its printing jobs.

This is absolutely the best printer to have for both your family as well as your home office needs. There are several different ways that you can hook the printer up in your home. You can choose to utilize its USB connection, Ethernet, or take advantage of its wireless options. If you choose to go wireless with your printer all you have to do is simply press a single button on your router so it notices that the printer is around it.

There is even a mode that is referred to as the toner save mode. This mode allows you the opportunity to save your 2170w Compatible Toner when you are not utilizing the printer for any printing jobs. Having this mode will save you an immense amount of money on having to buy replacement cartridges.

The printer actually has the ability to go into sleep mode as well, just like many people do with their laptops as a means to preserve the battery life span. The printer is relatively easy to set up and is compatible with both Mac and Windows operating systems. The printer comes with a user-friendly guide that you can follow in order to ensure that it is set up correctly.

The Brother HL 2170w printer is also an energy star compliant product. This means besides getting a great printer that will serve your print jobs well, it is also exceptionally great for the environment as well.

About the Author:

The printer is inside the box, a Brother HL 2170w Toner cartridge, and a quick set up guide so you can begin printing off optimum papers in no time at all. Qtoner is available online for fast and easy replacement of your Brother HL Series Toner. No need to wait any longer!

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By Dorothy West

Laptop sales have registered massive increase over the last couple of years. For one thing, people feel that it is more convenient to use a book-like device than a bulky desktop computer that takes lots of space and does not provide mobility.

With all this technology, laptops have become at least as proficient and user friendly as desktop computers are. Mouse, keyboard, speakers they can always be added as extra independent options to the system.

Another reason for the numerous laptop sales is the necessity to increase work efficiency rate by providing employees with personal laptops. Taking your work laptop home may also mean that you may remain a little longer focused on your work and will probably work extra.

Some would go as far as stating that work laptops that are taken home are but one extreme strategy of many companies to encourage and initiate extra work hours carried out at home. Business people traveling for job purposes from one place to another actually rely on the laptop for the efficiency of their tasks. And this surely becomes anther path to boosting laptop sales.

The most rewarding parts of the laptops and the ones to be under the highest outside pressure remain the semi-external devices like the especially built in wireless systems, the speakers and the webcam, the microphone and the Bluetooth options. Laptops have incorporate softwares used for collaborative purposes like the iChat, multimedia authoring software and web authoring software.

So just imagine what you can do with such a performing laptop, an aspect which does indeed explain the latest laptop sales.

Education is another activity sector to have evolved a lot with the immense increase of the computer market. Many students would love to own their own study buddy helping them edit projects and prepare for exams in a more convenient manner than the one offered by traditional means. Presently, laptop manufacturers are making efforts to determine a method by which the computers would recognize handwriting.

Last but not least, laptop sales have also flourished because the companies manufacturing them who have decision making authority for software incorporation have been trying to make such a device as user friendly as possible. The interfaces are to be very much simplified and the handwriting reading device is also intended to provide and support entertainment such as movies, games and music. All in all, laptop sales remain in the peak charts of most economy sectors to have developed in the new millennium.

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Get Info on buy laptops on sale and notebooks on sale info now.

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By Jackomo Denton

Knowing when it is time to get a new computer printer ink cartridge is pretty easy now. Almost every modern printer will tell you when it is out of ink. It is important to be sure you get the correct cartridge when you buy a replacement for your computer printer ink. Look on the old cartridge you remove from the printer or refer to the printer's manual if you are not sure of the manufacturer and exact model of cartridge.

You can find computer printer ink in many different types depending on the printer that you are using. There are laser printer cartridges and ink jet cartridges. There are als types of ink that are designed for special purposes such as printing out high quality photographs on photo paper. These types of ink needs to be free of acid.

There are users that attempt to save money by refilling their own computer printer ink cartridges. Refilling can be a very process but it will will save you some money. When you look at all the low cost replacement cartridges today it won't cost you a lot of money to keep your computer printer ink full just by buying replacements. Many Stores even offer discounts for returning used computer printer ink cartridges when you purchase a new one. This will also save you the time and mess of refilling the computer printer ink cartridges yourself - and it still offers you the financial savings.

There are some printers that do not come with built in ink level monitors to tell you when it is time to change your computer printer ink. If that is the case with yours it is a very good idea to invest in a program that will monitor the ink levels for you. Because it can ruin your printer if your computer printer ink volume gets so low it only makes sense to protect this valuable piece of equipment with a low cost program.

When you need to buy computer printer ink you can either shop online at the many different office supply shops or for more common brands of computer printer ink you might even be able to find it at your local discount store. Keep your printer running smoothly with fresh computer printer ink and it will last for a long time.

About the Author:

Jackomo Denton writes about computer printer ink and remanufactured ink cartridges.

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By Ben Pate

The Dell 1710 printer using Dell 1710 printer cartridge has come a pretty long way than most of its predecessors. On a sales graph it has an s graph. It started slow, had a sudden sales spurt, and then took a constant strong course. Its prototype is from 2005 and has maintained its reliable credibility until now. We all know that we need to give credit where it is due, so let us do that.

One of the strongest virtues of the Dell 1710 is its speed. It's a 'Usain Bolt' of printers. It churns out twenty seven A4 pages per minute of your work easily. I do not know what you are working with but that is an impressive output. The earliest version made would strive for a thousand pages a month with no stress. The newer ones go for at least fifteen thousand prints before feeling encumbered.

The quality of the Dell 1710's print also brags for itself. The early Dell 1710 offers you 1200 x 1200 dpi. That means dots per inch, pretty cool. That's quality right there. Imagine what they have now because I haven't test driven it. It still is superior performance. This printer has a paper carrying capacity of eight hundred sheets. The printer I have, I won't say the model for fear of bodily harm, has five hundred. The Dell can therefore do letterheads, cards and envelopes at more volume. Some models even hit a thousand. All this before you have to load another ream of paper!

For these eight hundred prints you will be dishing out off course you need the ink. There in is another beauty of the dell 1710. It has an inbuilt 1710 toner cartridge monitoring system. This means you never have to worry if you have the right amount of ink in the cartridge. It will tell you before you press print now. You will never have to go through the annoyance of stopping a printing process. If it's not enough for a hundred prints it will let you know. Time wasted is energy wasted is money wasted.

The problem that unfortunately kills most of us with today's technology is how to go about using them. This is not the case with the Dell 1710. It has a very easy setup procedure and even easier usage. Its easy setup is one of the highest rated in the whole world. Actually once you set it up printing is only an icon away.

The thing that took me by a storm about this printer is the price. It is by far one of the cheapest quality printers out there. With this economy we are all trying to save that buck we never used to. The best model of the Dell 1710 still comes to just a drop under two hundred dollars. That's very fair for a quality printer.

To end this review I would rate this dell printer at a seven out of ten. All products have their faults. The temporary product discontinuation subtracts two in my books. The noise that emanates from the gadget took another one.

It is, however, to me still a rare package for what it gives back. Very cheap, convenient, high quality prints at a lightning bolt pace. All possible with the 1710 printer toner cartridge.

About the Author:

Quality Dell cartridge added to this printer will maintain its consistent performance. Online companies such as Qtoner Products are available for super fast refill shipments. Keeping this great printer working is a priority!

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By Nancy Walker

When you are out and about using your laptop without the benefit a nearby electrical outlet, getting as much as you can out of the life of your battery becomes critical. The problem is that the majority of laptop batteries last no more than around two hours. The reason for this is that most of the programs loaded on a modern laptop silently suck the life out of a battery. You may not be aware of this, but those programs you run are powered by your laptop's batteries. A good way of stopping the power drain on your batteries is to avoid the simultaneous usage of multiple applications when your computer isn't plugged into an outlet. The drain rate of your batteries can be reduced in a number of different ways. There is an easy process you can use to get additional time out of your laptop's batteries.

Today's portable computers are equipped with batteries that can only provide energy for a limited number of hours. By treating them well, your portable's battery can remain good for about two years. However, nearing the end of those two years, the battery isn't able to retain energy in the same way it did when it was new. To make your battery last longer, a few easy tips are available to allow you to do it yourself and not have to call in an expert.

Making you screen dimmer is an especially easy way to prolong the battery life of your laptop computer. This is done by using the secondary function keys to adjust the level of screen brightness on your laptop. You just press and hold the function key, while hitting the F key that displays a down arrow and a sun icon. You can also control the brightness of your screen by accessing your settings for saving power. If your laptop's operating system is Windows Vista, then you have the window on other settings that can be adjusted to extend your battery life. You can also save power by using "sleep" and "power off" settings.

Additional perpetrators that contribute to a dying battery are programs with high pixelation levels and advanced sound settings. Never use more than several of these programs at once, as all of the power you have stored will be used up more quickly than anticipated. Other sources that are responsible for draining your battery's life are the wi-fi networking devices. Even when there is no connection, your computer will keep using up its battery while looking for and finding available wireless networks. Shut your computer off if you don't need an Internet connection in the first place.

Ensure that every one of your removable storage drives have nothing in them. The DVD or CD drive could possibly contain the previous night's awful video disc you swore you'd never watch in the days to come. Remove your disc from the drive since it will drain your battery while in there, whether or not the computer is running. Different USB devices that you plug into the laptop will also drain your battery. Remove any of those devices once you have finished using them, as this will prevent your battery from being used up so quickly.

About the Author:

For all your Toshiba battery needs Laptop Batteries Four Less or even something as specific as PA3636U 1BRL.

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By Tina Thompson

Competition seems to have reached incredible peaks with the rush for better working products in all the sectors of national economies. Advertising sells well no matter the kind of activity, particularly since everyone claims to have the best products ever.

Not only do producers try to push their products upfront but the market is full of consumer reviews and professional critical appreciations that create separate distinct tops and classification charts.

This obviously happens in the field of computers, laptops and computer components too. For one interested in classifications, the Internet is the best source for information on top ten laptops.

It is evident that each individual has his/her own preferences when it comes to computers and laptops. Therefore, you will find different top 10 laptops classified on the basis of the various factors that people refer to when deciding which laptops are better than others. The size is an important factor to analyze since people who travel a lot need small, light designs, even the tiny ultra portable ones of the Asus Eee PC kind.

Other buyers closely analyze the storage capacity or the memory extent, yet the higher the memory size, the more expensive the product. Last but not least, screen resolution is one final element to decide whether an item enters the top 10 laptops chart or not.

To give an example of what top 10 laptops lists look like, we suggest that you take a look at the following that presents the products progressively from the first to the tenth: Apple MacBook Pro, Asus m70sa, Sony Vaio VGN-AR590E, Asus C90, Dell Inspiron 1525, Alienware m15x, Fujitsu Lifebook 8410, Lenovo ThinkPad R61, Apple MacBook Air, and Acer Ferrari 500. Such lists are compiled starting from the technical data posted on the official websites of each and every producer.

Another chart design of top 10 laptops counts the following laptops: Acer Aspire One AOA110-1295 Notebook, Acer Aspire ONE A150-1447 Notebook, Apple 15" MacBook Pro Notebook, Dell Inspiron Mini 9 Notebook - Customizable, HP (Hewlett-Packard) Pavilion Dv4-1120us Notebook, Sony Vaio Ns135 Notebook, Lenovo IdeaPad S10 Notebook, Apple 13.3" MacBook Notebook, Asus Eee PC 1000H Notebook, Acer Aspire 6930-6455 Notebook.

Even if the two models of top 10 laptops resemble a lot, the slight difference points out that this charting system is not 100% trustworthy given the high versatility of the computer market.

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Find Tips on used laptops on sale and laptop computers on sale info in seconds.

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By Mac Brighton

There have been created two series of HP notebooks, one for home and office use and another for business use. The HP Mini 1000 series is the greatest companion for someone who needs to have his/her computer all over the place. It is ultra portable and light and it helps you stay connected with people even in the places where you initially thought you would never be able to use a laptop or computer of some form.

It is great in the use of the Internet, the webcam or the microphone for communication; the system includes a Bluetooth, eight gigabytes of memory on a separate free drive and one gigabyte memory in the structure. The only complaint so far registered was the lower quality of the resolution.

However, in terms of proficiency, users have more than recommended these models. It is very easy to rely on HP notebooks when transferring information, data, using either the the Bluetooth or the two USB ports, it is also very easy to access and surf the Internet using the keyboard that is almost full size.

In addition, all the models in this series look very sleek and stylish and weigh a little more than a kilogram or 2 pounds, plus they make quite a good choice for anyone who needs good quality entertainment available at home.

The HP notebooks business series, the Elite 6930p have a higher a superior productivity rate, and therefore, weigh twice as much as the home use design. This kind of notebook also impresses in that it is utterly resistant to high and low temperatures as well as to humidity, vibrations, altitude and dust. As such, it takes the military test MIL-STD 810F with flying colors. The systems that these HP notebooks support include mostly variants of of Windows Vista, like Business 32, Home Basic and the one downgraded for XP, the professional custom.

Moreover, these models ensure that you are able to stay connected to those you need to communicate with using various technologies like the the Bluetooth one, the HP Mobile Broadband and the Wi-Fi WLAN. In terms of graphics, you have got two options to choose from: either the ATI Mobility Radeon HD 3450 graphics or the most recent Intel variant.

In case HP notebooks interest you, the HP website would most gladly help you compare products and choose from the wide collection the one that suits your needs.

Customer reviews will also help out regarding what choice to make and they will give you a picture beforehand of what owning and using a HP mini laptop is like.

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Continue on - find buy laptops on sale and acer laptops on sale tips today.

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By Mary Dolen

If you're looking for a replacement ink jet cartridge your probably realized that the "name" or "national" brand cartridges are pretty darn expensive. Finding compatible ink jet cartridges can be difficult when it comes to finding one that works in your printer and also gives you a quality result.

A small percentage of people who buy ink for their printers don't care about the quality of the job printed. If you're someone that doesn't care if their cartridge gives quality results, you plenty of low priced options to choose from. If you're like me, however, you can't settle with the most mediocre of cartridges. When choosing a cartridge to buy, you'll discover that the highest prices doesn't always mean the best results. There are many great solutions for ink that get you the same results as the name brand.

One of the most popular ways to save money when it comes to buying ink cartridges is to refill them yourself. If you're someone that has to worry about how much they pay for things, you'll discover that buying a refill kit for ink is a cheap and effective solution. While printer refill kits can cost as much as normal set of cartridges, you can use the kit to refill your cartridges many times.

Having your ink cartridges refilled at your own home with a kit has its advantages and disadvantages. The number one pro is that it saves you tons of money per print. Most people can save over 60% to 70% off the original manufacturer's price on printer cartridges. But with that one pro of saving money, there are a few reasons why you wouldn't want to do ink refills. Ink refilling can be a very messy, risky, and time consuming process. You can end up getting ink permanently on your clothes. Quite a few people ended up permanently wrecking their printer because of leaky ink refills. Because of ink's severe staining ability, you have to watch and make sure you don't spill on anything you want to keep unmarred. Finally, some printers use electronic chips inside the ink cartridges and if you try to refill one of those types of ink, your printer will not accept it when the cartridge is reinserted.

No matter what your brand is for ink: HP, Brother, Canon, or even Epson, there are third-party cartridges available online and at your local office superstore. If you don't want to deal with refilling cartridges yourself (something I highly recommend) and still want to save lots of money, buy re-manufactured cartridges.

There are quite a few office stores and other similar stores locally that can sell you refilled ink cartridges or refurbished ink jet cartridges. OfficeMax, for example, sells both their brand of ink cartridges (saving you about 20% off the original price) or can refill your cartridges in the store (for about 40% savings off the original price). After local stores, the next best (and cheapest) way to buy compatible ink cartridges is on the internet. There are an almost unlimited number of sites that sell quality ink cartridges for cheapest prices. Buying refurbished ink online can save you tons of money. When compared with prices you pay at a local superstore, you can save up to 60% off the name brand price.

About the Author:

Before buying any ink cartridges, you should read these additional articles from the author. Learn all about cheap printer ink cartridges and cheapest ink cartridges.

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By Francis Teo

It's crucial that you learn how to configure routers and switches if you want to become a good network engineer. This applies whether you are just beginning your networking career and trying to obtain the CCNA certification or have already got your certification. Improving your knowledge of the Cisco IOS command line is an important step to becoming an effective CCNA network engineer.

Here are 3 reasons why you need to hone your network configuration and troubleshooting skills:

1. To Become Certified (CCNA) - Cisco introduced simulation type questions into the CCNA exam a few years back. This was partly due to the demands of the employers, who were calling for certified individuals with more practical Cisco IOS CLI configuration experience instead of just theoretical knowledge. These questions test the ability of the candidate to either configure the network according to the prescribed requirements, or to troubleshoot an issue. The weight of the simulation questions is generally agreed to be quite high, and it would be difficult to pass the exam without doing well on these questions. For this reason, you should definitely make sure you are confident of answering them before going for the CCNA.

2. Employer Requirement - It's a well known fact that companies prefer candidates who have hands-on configuration and troubleshooting experience, when compared to those without. If you demonstrate that you have the relevant skills, some corporations might hire you, and may look past the fact that you are not certified. It is also getting more common for corporations to conduct their own practical test to make sure that the candidate has the relevant technical skills to take on the job. If you want to improve your chances of landing that networking job, it is important that you brush up your Cisco IOS troubleshooting and configuration skills.

3. Memory Retention - Repetition is key if you want to remember all the common commands used by network engineers on a day-to-day basis. The best way to improve your recall of the commands is to practice consistently on a regular basis until you simply can't forget them anymore. This ease of recall is extremely important in critical network situations where you are called upon to troubleshoot and resolve the issue. There is very little time to consult reference books and you definitely need to be able to recall the commands in a snap if you want to solve the problem quickly.

About the Author:

Discover the best ccna notes and cisco ios commands at SavvyNetCert.Com today.

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By Brian Warren

Managing the IT infrastructure is a very critical activity for every organization. The issues and problems need immediate attention to prevent any major backlog in the operational efficiency. Able management of IT infrastructure can go a long way in enhancing throughput for all remotely handled systems and applications.

Now that organizations realize the need for IT infrastructure management, it is important to appoint a separate group to handle its operations. RIM service providers are globally available to efficiently handle all tasks related to IT infrastructure management. Some of the major services are - audit, management, analysis and monitoring.

IT infrastructure audit services are aimed at providing detailed analysis reports for security breaches and new infrastructure needs of the company. They also take into account regulatory requirements that need to be implemented for IT infrastructure. They present detailed reports on current status of IT infrastructure management along with all problem areas and their possible solutions. The audit reports ensure the organizations never face a critical situation that will cause data unavailability or stoppage of application servers.

Organizations that utilize the management services are provided with services which ensure that the infrastructure assets are supported on a 24x7 basis. The services here include fault management, performance management, configuration management, database services and maintenance tasks for servers, applications etc.

Analysis services for IT infrastructure are offered for databases and servers that support critical applications and systems. Technical analysis is conducted to ensure all underlying problems are dealt with suitably. This service ensures that client systems work at their highest optimum capacity.

Monitoring services for IT infrastructure are provided for all IT infrastructure assets supported by the service providers. This may include even assets that are remotely located. Regular monitoring and tracking can help client organizations to scale to new systems and applications without any slow down or break down of existing systems.

About the Author:

It is essential to choose the best remote infrastructure management provider to enhance the benefits got from the management investment. Only a reliable and experienced remote or data center hosting services can ensure high operational efficiency that drives ROI for the enterprise.

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By Craig Stephenson

With technological innovations continually decreasing manufacturing costs, consumers have grown accustomed to the convenience of touch-screen products in all aspects of life. They can travel as phones and video games or be stationary machines for placing orders and withdrawing money. Each of these roles can be matched to one of the many processes that create touch-screens. Some respond when surface contact initiates a charge of electricity at that location. Others require a tiny network of infrared lasers along the screen, able to define exactly where their beams are disrupted. Further options include those capable of registering the mechanical properties of a touch, which disturbs the surface upon impact.

Liquid crystal display, known as LCD, has become a popular technology in the creation of computer monitors and other display systems. The name is derived from its liquid crystal material, which lies between two pieces of polarized glass. Electrical currents then align the crystals such that only certain amounts of light pass through to produce the images viewed on screen. LCDs are slim, lightweight and consume little power, but they have a low contrast ratio and limited viewing angle.

CRTs are classic monitors that maintain high performance marks in the face of newer developments. As the name suggests, cathode ray tubes supply the means for these displays to function. The cathode, a heated filament, generates an electron ray that energizes colored pixels on the other side of a tube. Made of phosphor, the pixels cover the inside of the monitor screen and materialize as pictures when struck by the electrons. With this process, CRTs achieve high quality images comparable to other monitors, especially in contrast, color, and response time. Nonetheless, they are hampered by their size, weight, and energy demands.

For larger screens and a high level of clarity, consumers often turn to plasma display panels. PDPs are highly successful in providing exceptional viewing angles, contrast ratios, and response times. However, they are costly and usually cannot be commercially produced at sizes smaller than 32 inches. Plasma screens contain hundreds of thousands of cells between two glass plates. Each cell is coated with phosphor for color and filled with a mixture of noble gases that, when given a current, transforms into light-emitting plasma.

One example of monitor technology still under development is SED, which stands for surface-conduction electron-emitter display. They contain thousands of tiny cathode ray tubes, each one representing a single sub-pixel. Though not yet economically viable, SEDs combine the benefits of CRTs with the compact size of LCDs while using less energy.

Organic light-emitting diodes, called OLEDs, require no backlight and extremely little power, allowing for ultra-thin designs. To function, voltage is applied to a film of conductive organic compounds that is printed onto suitable material under the monitor's surface. Due to their reliance on organic matter, OLEDs have somewhat limited lifespans.

Even with such a plethora of monitor types, it is sometime necessary to combine two or more of them in order to achieve a sufficient display area. With the proper video adapter and cables, multiple monitors can be used to view especially large items or simply to open more than one program at once so that two sources of information can be accessed simultaneously.

About the Author:

Craig Stephenson is an expert in computers. Working in the computer industry for more than three decades he has a strong passion for monitors. If you are looking for cheap computer monitors please visit mhttp://www.ebuyer.com

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By Declan N Nicholls

Most of the time, buying what you need for your printer or PC can be quite hard. Although there are many high street stores that sell ink cartridges or whatever you need, you will probably find better prices on the web. This is where research is very important but you should find a huge range of options available to you.

Whatever you're looking for, it shouldn't be a problem to find items that are worthwhile. There is so much available on today's market that you'll be spoilt for choice. It can sometimes be hard to decide on what is right for your needs though. You'll have to take your time while you're browsing the web to ensure that you're aware of everything on today's market.

There are lots of options to choose from and you may find it difficult to make up your mind. Well, if that's the case then you should read on to learn how to choose the right products for your needs. You will also need to set yourself a budget so that you don't overspend.

Buying items for your PC or printer is much easier online because it's the home of technology. There are lots of articles that you'll find where you'll be able to learn about what's best for your needs and there is literally tons of information on the web about PCs and laptops.

You will then need to consider the type of ink cartridges available on today's market and do some research to find out which options are best suited to your needs. It can be quite easy to find what you're looking for if you hit the internet and have a good look around.

There are lots of ink cartridges available on today's market - you just have to know where to look. Have a browse on a few websites and see what you can find. If you perform some searches in Google you'll more than likely be confronted with several offers and deals that are worthwhile.

About the Author:

Author Declan N Nicholls talks about finding ink cartridges on the web. www.inkworldwide.co.uk has a large range of information and options, you'll easily be able to get what you've been looking for.

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By Craig Stephenson

External hard drives are connected to computers through the use of an external port secured to the motherboard. External hard drives are different in size and shape, however their main purpose is to store documents, video, images, audio and many other file types. The actual capacities of the drives differ from large to small. This assortment of sizes allows the consumer to choose the right external hard drive for their needs.

Initially, bulky computer hard drives were housed outside of the actual computer in their own external cases, so by definition these drives fit into the external hard drive category. Eventually, advances in technology permitted manufacturers to place the drives inside the housing of the computers in their own drive bays. The capacity of an internal hard drive, though, was limited and so the need for external hard drives became evident, as consumers required more and more space for their files.

External hard drives come in a variety of styles and design. In most cases the internal structure of the hard drive itself is very similar to the standard internal hard drive on most computers.

There are basically two types of external hard drives. High capacity hard drives with storage of up to two (2) terabytes or 2,000 GB and more compact portable external hard drives that generally range from 64 MB to 320 GB and include compact flash or solid-state hard drives.

Connectivity for external hard drives has varied widely over time. The standard connection ports are SATA (Serial Advanced Technology Attachment), IDE (Integrated Drive Electronics), SCSI (Small Computer System Interface), USB 1.1 and 2.0 (Universal Serial Bus), IEEE 1394 (Firewire) and eSATA (External Serial Advanced Technology Attachment). The most commonly used connection types that come standard on computers today are USB and Firewire.

There are two main differences in High capacity external hard drives and portable external hard drives. The first difference is the amount of storage. High capacity external hard drives can facilitate the storage of up to two terabytes of information. This is due to the fact that these drives are not limited by physical size and can hold the necessary amount of hard disks and mechanical heads that are necessary for such high capacity and are powered by an external AC power source. Portable external hard drives, on the other hand, are limited in size for two reasons. The first reason is that the power source is the computer that the drive is connected to. The second reason is dependent upon the storage technology and the amount of space for the disks or the solid-state drive, which is really nothing more than a printed circuit board.

Consumers looking for differences in external hard drives will find them in colors and sometimes shape. Colors of drive casings can be as varied as a manufacturer would like and shape is only limited to what can be produced by the various injection molds.

About the Author:

Craig Stephenson is an expert in computer technology. Working in the computer industry for over thirty years he has seen huge technological development and understands just how good hard drives are today. If you are searching for cheap external hard drives please visit http://www.ebuyer.com

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By Benedict Perez

Ps3 repair is actually no big task. I mean this is true for those who are either equipped with the knowledge of how to do it or knows where to find help for it. With the advent of modern technology, having to have your problematic ps3 fixed is made easy and fast. You also have all the options for it.

You can either choose to do it yourself or have it done by some experts. Among the salient points you need to look into is the time and cost that you need to spend on for the need ps3 repair. Before you can finally decide which of these ways you must have your problematic ps3 fixed, you need to take important things in consideration.

If you choose have your ps3 repair lone by yourself, you must be sure that you are fully equipped with all the needed knowledge and skills of doing it. If you do have these requirements than by all means it would be a great advantage for you to do it yourself. Not only that you need not have to spend much money for the labor cost, you will also have to decide the time frame of doing the needed repair for a broken ps3.

If you do not know anything pertinent to ps3 then you got no other options but to hire the services of those who are expert on this stuff. The other thing that you need to ensure is getting your money's worth when you need to spend for the needed ps3 repair. The burden is where to find these experts whom you can truly trust to fix your ps3 and make it work again.

So whether you need to have your broken ps3 fixed by an expert or by yourself, you need to make sure it will work out real good. This can only be done if you have properly decided on how you want to have it fixed. You therefore have to ensure of having your gadget back to working condition again for you to enjoy it. So, have your broken play station back to work and enjoy it again by having only the most reliable ps3 repair.

About the Author:

In this advanced society a lot of gadgets have been sprouting everywhere. It has caught the interest of kids and adults. But the disadvantage of these gadgets would be on fixing it. The Ps3 repair would be difficult for beginners. You should be familiar with your gadget so you can identify the problem. There are a lot of shops where you find experts on fixing this stuff.

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By Marc Marseille

What is the quickest way to find someone you are looking for? The answer is not a private detective. In fact, you can locate a person's address as well other other private information using your home computer.

If you are looking to find somebody fast, the ultimate home address lookup is a reverse mobile phone lookup. If you are not familiar with a reverse telecell phone finder, it is the ability for find a person's address with their cell phone number.

A lookup can be done with a home mobile phone or it can also be effective with unlisted numbers. In addition to finding a home address, other info such as phone numbers, relatives info, and background info will also be made available.

To begin an address by cell phone search, you will need to locate a trustworthy reverse cell phone directory. Once you've located a directory, you can then insert a mobile phone number in the lookup box to generate the results.

You are also privileged to distinctive options depending on the lookup volume that you need. If you want to search for multiple addresses, you may desire to sign up for a membership to perform unrestricted searches on an annual basis.

Some people may compare this address lookup service to dialing 411, but there are some major differences. A reverse telemobile phone directory not only provides you with name, address and cell phone number. You basically will be getting a complete background check on every search.

A complete personal history check can often reveal important info such as relatives data. Having access to family info will make it easier to locate someone's address if they recently moved from their original location.

Doing a reverse cell phone look-up is the ultimate home address lookup because it gives more than just a mailing address. It is more like your own private detective agency that you can operate from your own home.

About the Author:

Stop looking in the dead end places to find address information on your lost ones. You can go to reverse telephone lookup to find anyone today...fast!

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By Ben Pate

The Brother HL 2140 Printer is a superb printer for both home as well as small office use. The printer is incredibly space saving and a lot smaller in stature then your regular commercial size printers. It has the ability to successfully print 23 pages per minute using 2140 HL compatible toner cartridge, each one with optimal professional quality.

This high performance printer always has the end result of professional and may make your clients and colleagues wonder why your documents always look so good. Print resolution is an excellent 2400 x 600 dpi.

The printer only needs a brief 10 seconds to warm up before it commences printing and putting out more pages per minute that others in its category. The superb speed of this printer is absolutely amazing; you can finish any extensive print job in mere minutes.

The Brother HL 2140 printer will allow you the ability to print reports, an immense amount of professional appearing documents, and family letters, as well anything that you need printed. There is also a manual feeder that will allow you to print on envelopes if needed as well.

All of your printed pages come out of the black and white laser printer exceptionally clear and professional appearing for far less money than you would pay for an exceptionally big commercial printer.

The Brother HL 2140 printer consists of 8 MB of memory that allows the printer the opportunity to print out your pages in a quicker period of time. The printer can hold up to 250 sheets of paper at one given time. It accommodates both legal as well as standard paper.

The Brother HL 2140 printer lives up to the old adage that great things often come in small packages. It will free up excess desk space and print out optimal documents. Who could ask for anything more? The printer even has a toner save mode, as well as a sleep mode that you can put it on when it is not busy printing graphic pages. The toner save mode is great when you are printing extensive text documents. This mode will save you not only time but money on extra Brother HL 2040 toner expense.

This Brother printer is easy to set up and even easier to use. Compatible with both Mac and Windows operating systems, this little powerhouse is capable of doing anything. It even comes with a great user-friendly manual so you can get started using it right away.

This Brother printer is also exceptionally energy compliant, which means on top of saving you money because of how inexpensive it is, it is also great for the environment as a whole. The printer is also backed by a limited manufacturers guarantee should anything go wrong with it while it is in your care. Always use 2140 HL compatible cartridge with this machine.

About the Author:

You have the opportunity with Brother HL 2140 printer toner to print out professional appearing documents first page to last. Adding Brother printer toner cartridge only continues to allow the machine to operate at peak levels. Replacement Toner is easy and inexpensive.

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By Francua Smith

If you want to extend your laptop's life, there are some specific things you can do. You definitely want to make your laptop last as long as possible, and not have to buy a new machine every year or two. No matter what price your laptop cost you, you'd do well to learn the following tips to extend its life. Read on to find out some great tips on this topic ...

1. Keep It Cool The first thing I always do to extend my laptop's life? Well, it's simple. Keep it cool. The more heat your laptop accumulates, the more likely it is to suffer from component failure. Note that if you like to slump into a couch to type on your laptop, you will most likely block the machine's air vents and prevent air from circulating. This spells heat for the machine - which is not a good thing. To cool a laptop, one good way is to get a cooling pad. These things draw heat away from the system and usually cost about say $30. You will, at the same time prevent your laptop's internal fans from spinning too much, saving your battery life as well.

2. Carry The Laptop Carefully I've seen some folks treat and carry their laptops like junk. If you throw your laptop onto the bed and it lands on the floor, or you leave it in the hot sun in the back seat of you car - well, good luck. No laptop is gonna survive long in those circumstances. You need to make sure you carry the laptop with care. In addition, get a good bag that offers maximum protection. Targus makes great laptop bags and they have padded sidewalls with air-protection technology.

3. Choose a SSD A solid-state drive (SSD) is a next generation kind of hard drive. There are no moving parts, no platters or read/write heads (hard drive jargon). Everything is stored in non-volatile flash memory, like in your pen drive. This does wonders for your laptop. You will have longer lifespan because you don't have a moving hard drive that breaks down. You also generate less heat since there's no hard drive whirring in the background. Now, the prices of SSDs are still quite high and cost about $15 per GB - these are however coming down. I think the maximum size now is about 128 GB. Remember to look out for them if you're trying to get a new laptop.

4. Protect The Battery Your laptop's battery is also really sensitive. Don't charge and discharge it all the time. Whenever you plug your laptop into an outlet, make it a habit to unplug the battery. If you leave it in, the AC force could cause the battery to overheat and overcharge. Then, when running on battery power, utilize the laptop until you get a low-battery warning, then plug in the charger and let it recharge fully. That'll extend the life of that battery.

5. Reformat the Hard Drive If you find your laptop running truly slow, one option is to reformat the tough drive. Remember, we all let all sorts of rubbish software clog up our operating systems. Windows tends to get bogged down by the orphaned files, comic Registry entries and spyware. Reformat the tough drive and instal everything clean (get a friend or a shop to do it whether you're not confident how). I assure you will get your laptop functioning and running faster. One trick I like to utilize is to instal all my fundamental software (Microsoft Office, Adobe Acrobat, etc.) then take a backup using imaging software (e.g. Acronis True Image). When you feel the laptop going sluggish, easily backup your information files and do a image restore. Your system will be refreshed with all the original clean, intact programs and it will run faster.

6. Avoid The Standby Mode One last thing is regarding the Standby mode. Standby mode is nice but it consumes battery power. So you risk reducing the life of your battery. Next time, use the Hibernate mode instead of Standby, it preserves your laptop's current state by writing it to the hard drive as a file. And it does not require no power. It takes a few extra seconds to use Hibernate, but it will extend your laptop battery life.

Conclusion I hope this article has shown you some fine tips for extending your laptop's life. Note that a laptop is a pricey investment - do your finest to sustain it safe and working for a long, long time. By the way, whether you're curious in laptops or want to study more about them, feel free to check out my free guide.

About the Author:

Francua Smith is a skilled Computer specialist who has a lot of experience on laptop computers. He will help you to choose your own nice laptop computer.

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By Francua Smith

Whether we shop for bread and milk at the neighborhood grocery store; or for shirts, ties and shoes at a downtown department store or for cars or for homes - we all want fine deals. It's no different with laptops - most of us want excellent deals. This article helps you locate fine deals for laptops.

Why Look For Good Laptop Deals? Many of us are willing to take time to cut out coupons, to settle into lines winding around the block at the crack of down to be among the lucky shoppers who will get to take advantage of a one-day sale, to drive across town to save twenty five cents on a box of cereal while spending a dollar on gas and to fill out countless rebate forms that will ultimately get us refunds that will barely cover the postage it took to mail them in.

Have you ever wondered why we do that? Why are we willing to go through so much trouble just to save some money, at times a few cents while at other time hundreds of dollars? Is it all about economics? I think that economics has something to do with it, of course, but the bigger and more motivating factor is quite a bit more psychological and much less obvious.

What I am talking about is empowerment. When we get to pay less for something that we know, or we assume we know, is worth more we feel that we have legitimately beat the system, whatever we define the system to be. And beating the system, any system, is empowering. Now let's see at some ways to find fine laptop deals.

1. Build Your Own Laptop When it comes to desktop computers, you can save money and gain that euphoric feeling of empowerment by finding sales offered by their manufacturers or retailers, by using discount coupons or rebates. There is yet another way of saving your hard earned money on a desktop computer and that is by actually building one yourself. And remember that there is nothing more empowering than a job well done. The same goes for laptops - you can actuall build one yourself. Hunt for cheap components and you can build a decent machine that meets your needs. Learn more about custom built laptops in this article.

2. Make Use of Manufacturer Sales Unfortunately I have to fill you in on some bad news - building your own laptop is really not an option if you're not tech savvy. Or perhaps you just want something out-of-the-box and don't have the time to build one from scratch.

Well, you can still save cash on laptops by making the most of existing sales (manufacturer sales, blow-out sales, clearance sales, after holiday sales and thus on), you can find discount coupons in newspapers and on the Internet, and you can take advantage of rebate programs offered by manufacturers.

Much like the build-it-yourself option available for desktop computers, laptop computers have a unique savings option of their own and this option is as follows: take your set of needs, match them up to the list of specifications featured in the laptop you are considering and stick to the results.

3. Buy Only What You Need In other words, buy only what you need and that which you will truly use or else you will be throwing away good money. Do not get sucked into the latest hype and be brave enough to be out of vogue. There is absolutely no logical reason why you have to "keep up with the Jones." Let me give you an example. If your current computer, whether a desktop or a laptop, has a 5GB hard drive and you have not managed to fill it up even after the three years of ownership, do not be tempted to buy a new laptop with a 20 or 40GB hard drive just because your friend has one. That would be a complete and utter waste!

Conclusion A good deal on a laptop would be the one for which you have taken advantage of a clearance sale; the one which accepts the discount coupon you found in your local newspaper; the one that honors a rebate program and the one that offers what you need, no more and no less. Any one of these would make for a good deal while a combination of several would make a great deal.

About the Author:

Francua Smith is a skilled Computer specialist who has a lot of experience on laptop computers. He will help you to choose your own skilled laptop computer.

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By Francua Smith

Are you paralyzed by indecision when it comes to buying laptops? The truth is, deciding on the finest laptop to buy is a hard decision. It stumps the finest of us - even my more technically inclined friends can't determine on a model that will finest fit their needs. To aid you out, I've determined to list down 5 ways to aid you select the finest laptop to buy. Make confident you run through this list the next time you're out purchasing a laptop.

1. What Speed Do You Need? One of the most necessary decisions you need to make previously buying a laptop is to determine the velocity required. If you're using the laptop generally for word processing or emailing, you don't need as much computing horsepower. In that case, you might want to settle for an AMD Turion or a standard Intel Centrino CPU. If you need to utilize the laptop for graphics or heavy gaming, then you will surely want a mighty CPU chip one like the Intel Core 2 Duo.

2. The Display Screen The next thing you should do when deciding on the best laptop to buy is to consider the display screen. These days, large 17-inch, glossy display screens are becoming more and more common. But ask yourself, do you really need all that glossy eye candy? If you just want a functional, business-based laptop, then consider getting a smaller screen with a matte display.

3. The Laptop Weight Another approach I use to eliminate laptops in my purchase is to consider the weight. Most people I know want to buy lightweight laptops. Which is perfectly understandable - who wants to lug a 6 pound machine all over town or all over campus? So it is important for you to consider if weight is an issue for you. If it is, then eliminate those desktop replacement or heavy laptops from your list and concentrate on ultraportables.

4. The Keyboard Surprising, a lot of folks place a lot of emphasis on laptop keyboards. You may assume that a laptop keyboard is beautiful standard fare, i.e. there is not much distinction between one laptop and the next. Well, I can say you that the keyboard is the one laptop element that your hands will be touching 90% of the time. So comfort in typing is extraordinarily important. When choosing the finest laptop to buy, pay concentration to the comfort of the keyboard when you type. Some folks prefer a 'click' sound on the keys (I do), while others prefer a more quiet typing experience.

5. The Battery Life And the final way to check if a laptop is for you? Simple - its the laptop's battery life. Remember, a laptop is useless if it is flat out of juice. Some laptops I know run out of power after 10 minutes of unplugging them from the wall socket. Be very careful and do your research on battery life - choose a laptop that will last at least 3 to 4 hours is possible.

Conclusion Hopefully, the above 5 ways of choosing the finest laptop will aid you out. Remember, the most necessary thing in buying a laptop is that it have to fit your needs. So every time bear that in mind - don't bother overly much about what models others are using, only determine on one model that suits your requirements best. If you're curious in learning more about laptops, you may want to check out my free PDF guide to laptops - download it here.

About the Author:

Francua Smith is a wise Computer specialist who has a lot of experience on laptop computers. He will help you to choose your own good laptop computer.

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By Paul Richter

Have you ever driving a remote controlled car when you where a child? Do you remember how exciting it was to drive that car down the street, zipping here and there.

Today you can revisit your childhood fun, easier than you may have imagined. RC car involvement has reached an all time high and people of all ages are bringing out their remote control vehicles. RC car clubs are cropping up all over and enjoying tournaments, car shows and camaraderie. Entire cities are getting involved by sponsoring the tiny little speed demons.

It is not difficult at all to get started. The first thing you should do is check your local hobby shop or electronics store that specializes in RC cars. They should have information about what clubs are available in your town. Take a stroll down to the shop and see if there are any events planned near you.

For beginners venturing in, some hobbyists recommend that you start off with a used car. This is to help you get a feel for driving, save you some money and possibly give you a project to work on. What do we mean by project. Well, just like with a used car that you buy that you want to fix up, you have that opportunity with a used remote control car. Fix up the body, fix up the engine, change the tires and much more.

Used cars are more fun because they take the worry out of the learning process. You will have the freedom to make mistakes because messing the car up is the least of your worries! Once you are comfortable with driving, fixing and showing your car, it is time to move on to a newer model. A brand new RC car is a major purchase and you will need to decide between battery and gasoline powered cars. If you are not quite sure which to choose check with a more experienced hobbyist for tips. They can give you the low down on each type of car and making choosing an informed decision and not guess work. Practice, practice and then practice some more, check out the local track as often as you can.

When you find local tracks, get out and visit them as often as possible. Doing this will give you a better understanding of what the RC car world is all about. You may become interested in competitions, national clubs and more. Be warned once you are infected with the RC car bug you will be amazed at all the fun that has been lurking undetected.

If you feel a little overwhelmed about getting started, there are lots of reading materials now available for the rc car hobbyist. You can find not only different sites that sell many different cars but, there are magazines that you can get and even books. Check your local library to see what they have available as well.

Now if you are more adventurous, jump in with both feet and hang on for a fun ride, you will be amazed at the world of rc cars and what it has to offer. Who knows you and your car may be the next champions for your city in the rc field.

About the Author:

Paul has been modifying and racing scale rc cars for 10+ years. Learn more about them and rc car racing by visiting his blog.

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By Aleksandro Imles

It has recently been found out that people with mobile technology such as Blackberries end up working an extra 15 hours a week as it is impossible to stop checking emails even they're out of workplace.

A survey of some 600 employees coming from different places has proved that blackberry is actually turning them into a hopeless workaholic as they are linked to the world even while they're at home. The research done by the Employment law firm Peninsula has said that invariably a working week is being extended to around 55 hours for many people these days.

According to the Managing director, Peninsula, Peter Bone, "It is important for staff to spend quality time away from the office, spending time with the family, or undertaking recreational activities rather than tapping away responding to client emails or deadlines so that they keep a healthy work/life balance. Bosses should encourage staff not to work from home unless necessary. Inform staff that they should limit working from home.

If they are happy to work away then ensure they agree to opt out of the maximum working week and have this signed. Limit the extent to which employees are using their devices when they choose to do so; unrested employees will be less productive during the working day."

He further said that "The recession has forced everyone to become more productive and for those with access to work at home, this is an opportunity for them to catch up or get ahead. With email on tap, employees with smartphones are able to respond a lot quicker and also get themselves prepared for the working day ahead by checking their email first thing.

Employees should be encouraged to take appropriate rest breaks if they do choose to continue working out of hours. Having a well rested employee with a good work/life balance is a lot more useful than a tired employee that put one too many hours in the night before." A smart phone may make communication much easier, but it does not come without its after effects.

About the Author:

Aleksandro Imles have great web site where he publishes recent mobile phones and information about them, what do you think about these new mobile phones?

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By Jim Samposzi

Having the capability of monitoring a room at any desired moment is very important to people. Web cameras give ways for monitoring daily and ability to view an area from a a different one. These handy devices have been improved upon since their inception and are used all over the world.

Web cameras, for personal use, are very capable and don't cost much. One can add the device to their PC with little effort and start monitoring after a few easy clicks. Web cameras began to develop a popularity right after they were put on the market. Individuals bought them for video-chatting with friends and family via live chats from their PC (Personal Computer).

Web cameras come in different resolutions and capabilities. Basic models for basic functions are very low in price and don't use much computer resources. However, the more robust systems can be high in price and require computer network sources. But, this variance is not all that big; there are inexpensive web cameras for individual ones and expensive ones for business use - that is all.

There are several useful functions of web cameras. As said previously, individuals install web cameras and use them to view family and friends from afar via computer. Corporations, teachers, security guards, and individual store owners can all find very useful applications for web cameras. A couple of the more well-known uses of web cameras, different from home use can be:

* Projection use - You can actually install a web camera to a projection component to display something in another room. This is useful for distance learning and state schools that need many classrooms to sit in on a single session.

* Video Recording - This is a useful tool for someone trying to market themselves and stand out in the industry. Today, people marketing themselves post video spots online to all available networking sites and employment sites. Web cameras always use software to allow for saving the videos to files and keeping them as a record. Even if the web camera does not have this software, many sites have free programs available to use with the camera.

* Monitoring a room - In today's world, small personal computers, as well as corporate systems, are joined together through networks. Therefore, a computer in one room can communicate with one in a separate country. Because of this, a person can physically be in one building on a PC and view a completely different building that has a web camera present.

* Taking Pictures - The same software applications that communicate with web cameras on a computer for video also aid the user to snap photographs. This is a great way to share photographs with people any time.

No matter the need, web cameras are great for individuals and professionals alike. Today, technology is a necessity in business and individuals who take the time to become familiar with such technology can expect more opportunities in the work place. Web cameras are basic to operate and can be thrown up in minutes.

About the Author:

Jim is a technical writer with more than 25 years of editorial experience. Jim is employed as a journalist for our b2b site and is considered the local authority on web cameras. Be sure to visit our useful website for more information on Webcam and Pc Camera.

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By Bob Marshall

Ok, one of the most common question we get is how do I upgrade the IOS on my Cisco router? I can refer you to the documentation on Cisco's site on how to do this, but it seems as though for the new CCNA student that this just does not give you all the information you need to successfully upgrade your IOS. I completely understand this as their instructions are written for someone who is already familiar with Cisco routers and switches and who is probably already a Cisco CCNA. Now I might also suggest to you that it is not imperative that you upgrade the IOS on your Cisco router as soon as you get it. You see, the commands that reside in version 11.x are 95% the same as in 12.x.

The Cisco CCNA exam really focuses on the core commands that have been there for years. So again, there is no need for an immediate upgrade day one when you get your Cisco router from 11.x to 12.x IOS. Take your time and become comfortable with the router and the commands. Otherwise you may mess up the upgrade and sit there cursing at the router as you try to figure out how to get IOS back on the router that you deleted by mistake. But don't worry; you will be able to recover if you deleted the IOS by mistake too. It is just a little different of a process. Now when you feel you are pretty comfortable with the IOS commands, then perform the Cisco router IOS upgrade. After all, you will need to be able to complete such as exercise to pass the Cisco CCNA exam.

Now in this article, I am going to make an assumption that you have our study CD which has some of these files on it. If you don't have our CD, you can purchase it or search the web for stuff like the SolarWinds TFTP server. Ok, here we go!

Here are the steps to start....

1) On the CD, follow the link to install the trial version of the SolarWinds TFTP server. You can access this by inserting the CD in your computer, auto-running the CD and you should see the CiscoKits splash screen. On the splash screen you should see a link for "Handy Programs". Click that link and then follow the link for the install of the SolarWinds TFTP Server.

2) After you install the TFTP server, you will copy the 2500 IOS file that you want to upgrade the router with to the c:tftproot folder if you followed the default install directories for the TFTP server. This file is a .bin(binary) file so you will not be able to open. Many people will tell us that there is a problem with the file as they can't open it. You are not supposed to be able to open and launch it as it is not an .exe file.

3) Launch the TFTP server.

4) Once in the TFTP server application, go under File, click Configure and click the Start services button. Click Ok. You should see in the bottom of the TFTP server application box that it says service status is "Started" and you should see the IP address(ex. 192.168.1.100) of the TFTP server to the left of that along with the c:tftproot folder as the default folder to the left of that(again, that is where the TFTP server will look for the .bin IOS file). If you do not see all that, you have missed a step somewhere so please go back and verify your steps.

5) This step could go a few different ways. 5a will be the steps if you already have a good version of IOS on the router. 5b will be if you accidentally deleted the IOS from the router. Now in my example here I am going to assume you have some sort of switch or hub that you have the Cisco router and your PC connected into. I will also assume you are using an internal IP address scheme of 192.168.1.x. The address for the router will be 192.168.1.80 and the IP address of the TFTP server will be 192.168.1.100. If you are not using that IP schema, then you will need to modify these instructions accordingly to fit your IP schema.

5a) Boot the unit normally. You should be brought to a normal user mode. In step 7, we will get you into privileged mode.

5b) Boot the unit and if you have no IOS on the flash, it will boot using the boot image from ROM. You will know this as your prompt will look like this: Router(boot)

6) Put a transceiver on the AUI port. Hook an Ethernet patch cable to the transceiver and the other end to the hub or switch your computer is connected to.

7) The next set of commands we are doing to setup an IP address on the Cisco router. We have to have an IP address assigned to the Ethernet interface or we will not be able to communicate via IP with the TFTP server. Do the following commands: En Config t Int E0 Ip address 192.168.1.80 255.255.255.0 No shut Exit Exit Copy tftp flash

8) It will ask you the name of the remote host. Address or name of remote host []? 192.168.1.100 Put the IP address of your TFTP server.

9) Next it will as you the Source file name. Source filename []? c2500-is-l.123.24.bin It is the name of the IOS file you copied over to the c:tftproot folder.

10) Next it will as you the Destination file name. Destination filename [c2500-is-l.123.24.bin]?y Hit y for yes to use the current file name. It may ask you to confirm. Enter y for yes.

11) It will then ask you if you want to erase the current flash file system. Enter y for yes. It may ask you to confirm a second time, if it does, enter y for yes again. Erase flash: before copying? [confirm]y

12) Next is should start the flash erase as seen below and you will see the file copy process as noted by the exclamation points. Erasing device... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee eeeeeeeeee ...erased Erase of flash: complete Loading c2500-is-l.123.24.bin from 192.168.1.100 (via Ethernet0): !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

13) If you start to see a bunch of periods, then that means you have some sort of connectivity issue. Here are the things I suggest you look at: A) Is the link light on the hub or switch for both the PC connection and the Cisco router connection? B) From a command prompt on the PC, can you ping the IP address of the PC? C) From a command prompt on the PC, can you ping the IP address of the Cisco router? D) From hyperterminal on the router, can you ping the IP address of the Cisco router? E) From hyperterminal on the router, can you ping the IP address of the PC? F) Is the service still started on the TFTP server and is the IP address still 192.168.1.100? These things should start to give you an idea of where the problem may be.

About the Author:

Visit CertificationKits for your free Cisco CCNA, CCNP & CCIE certification training along with many options for Cisco Certification home lab kits!

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By Bob Marshall

You must know the difference between a "routed" protocol and a "routing" protocol. A routed protocol can be routed by a router, which means that it can be forwarded from one router to another. Examples of a routed protocols are IP, IPX and AppleTalk.

A routed protocol contains the data structure for a packet to be sent outside of its local network segment. This structure is called an addressing scheme. Based on the addressing scheme, you will be able to identify the network to which a host belongs, in addition to identifying that host on that network. All hosts on an internetwork (routers, servers, and workstations) can communicate with each other by using a routable protocol such as IP, IPX or AppleTalk. A routingprotocol is used to communicate routing information between routers. Its purpose is to help routers building and maintain routing tables. Examples of routing protocols are RIP, IGRP, EIGRP and OSPF(there are many others). When a router has built a complete routing table from the various routing protocols it supports, it will be able to most efficiently forward traffic via the best route.

Routed Protocols

As mentioned above, IP, IPX and AppleTalk are three common routed protocols. The exam focuses on IP since that is the predominant protocol used today. So what do you need to know about IP other than that is how all your node to node communication will occur? Make sure you know how to subnet! If you do not know how to create subnet masks to most efficiently meet a desired goal of number of subnets and hosts, you will most definitely fail the exam. Understanding how to subnet will not guarantee that you will pass this exam, but not understanding subnetting will guarantee that you fail! If you have an IP address and its subnet mask, you need to be able to identify the subnet ID of that host, the first and last useable host on that subnet, the subnet broadcast address, in addition to the number of possible subnets and hosts per subnet. If those items do not come easily to you, then you will need to brush up on these concepts. Remember you have roughly a minute per question on the exam. If it takes you more than a minute to figure the above items out, you will not finish the test in the allotted time. In addition, you will need to know how to recognize a subnet mask in its dotted decimal form (255.255.255.248) and by using a bit count (/29). You should also know which bits must be off and on in the first octet for the various classes of IP addresses (Class B would have "10" in the first two bits).

Routing Protocols

The CCNA objectives only require that you know how to configure RIP and IGRP. However, you do need to know about the three classes of routing protocols (distance vector, link state, and hybrid), and which protocol belongs to which class. RIP and IGRP are distance vector protocols. OSPF is the only link state protocol with which you need to concern yourself at this level, and EIGRP is the only hybrid protocol. Know which protocol has a lower administrative distance (RIP is 120 vs. IGRP is 100), and that static routes have a lower administrative distance if you use the defaults a static router is 1 and a directly connected router is 0. When configuring RIP or IGRP, make sure that you also know how to turn on the attached networks so that they will start sending and receiving routing updates(network xxx.xxx.0.0).

Also remember that IGRP requires the addition of an autonomous system number(AS xx). Be familiar with the metrics RIP and IGRP use in determining the best path through which to route. RIP for IP only uses hops and IGRP uses only Bandwidth and Delay be default but can also be configured to use Bandwidth, Delay, Reliability, Load, and MTU. Remember that "show ip route" displays the contents of all routing protocols in your routing table.

About the Author:

Visting CertificationKits.com you will find over 200 various articles dedicated to CCNA Certification and CCNP study help, free CCNA and CCNP study exams, step by step labs along with CCNA and CCNP home lab kits.

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By Anne Rice

After you get home from a difficult day at work or school you need entertainment. You need to be able to find something good to watch when you turn on the television. You don't want to turn on the television only to find that there's nothing on! You also do not want to consume alot of time searching through viewing options that you are not even interested in. Fortunately DishTV has the right program offerings and the right technology to let you watch television the way you would like!

With a Satellite Television subscription from Dish Network Satellite TV, you will be able to take the ultimate level of control over your television viewing! This control is given to you at the very beginning of your Dish Network Satellite TV experience with the ability to choose from an impressive array of entertainment packages. You will be able to choose from programming packages that are made to deliver high quality entertainment while lowering price for entertainment packages that are designed to deliver large numbers of channels while maximizing value, and everything in between!

Another feature that gives you more control over how you watch television is the Dish Interactive Electronic Program Guide. The EPG from DishTV will present all of your viewing options in an easy to read table format. You can even get extra info about any certain program and keep track of which programs you may want to watch when they actually come on! Also, you will be able to set up your own custom list of channels so that you won't have to sort through all of the channels that other members of your house watch in order to find the ones that you watch the most. This is a wonderful time saver if you pick an entertainment package to provide entertainment to a household with a broad range of television preferences!

Perhaps the ultimate technological advance to provide convenience to television viewers (and naturally, one that's provided by DishNetwork Satellite TV) is the DVR! DVR is short for Digital Video Recorder, and is a device that makes it easy to record television shows for later viewing. Unlike the now ancient VCR, a DVR from DishNetwork Satellite TV is easy to program with the help of the intuitive Dish Interactive Electronic Program Guide! This means that you and your kids will be able to record television shows even if you aren't at home to work the equipment. Once a program has been recorded, you can watch it whenever you want and even fast forward through the advertisement breaks to save time! The ability to record television from more than one channel at a time makes a Dish TV DVR even better!

Another superior form of technology offered by DishNet TV is HDTV. With the roll out of its Turbo HD service, DishNet Satellite TV became the industry leader in terms of offering high def TV! With well over 100 national HDTV channels, and more being added to the lineup all the time, this is the right choice for high def programming for you and your family. Chances are that you can have HDTV from Turbo HD added onto the standard definition packages of your choice or subscribe to just the Turbo HD package that you crave!

For the ultimate freedom of choice and enjoyment of what you watch, DishTV is the right way to go for your children!

About the Author:

Anne Rice writes articles for consumers who want to find the best DishNet Deals currently available. She has written for many major publications about the latest Dish Network Offers and promotions and how buyers can find the best discounts.

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By Francis Teo

In recent years, Cisco has introduced lab type simulation questions into the CCNA exam. Because of this, it is very important these days to have some practice with the actual configuration of a Cisco IOS device before taking the exam. Some people build a home lab for this purpose but this usually costs too much. A popular and more cost effective solution is to use a CCNA virtual lab. Here are 4 factors you need to consider when you choose a Cisco simulator:

1. Lab scenarios - The best CCNA virtual labs out there have simulation functions as well as tutorial functions. These consist of various scenarios which will provide sufficient practice for every feature of Cisco IOS you will need to master for the CCNA. This is an excellent feature, because it's like having your own lab proctor by your side while you do the lab. Do check to see if this is included in your CCNA simulator package.

2. Use together with CCNA books - You should check if the trainer for the Cisco simulator package has any tie-in with certain CCNA books. Often, a particular CCNA virtual lab is designed to work with a series of CCNA books in order to cover both the practical and theoretical aspect of the CCNA. It makes sense to have a more cohesive training package in order to maximize your chances of passing the CCNA.

3. Software revision - Cisco IOS is a very complicated piece of software and the command-line interface is fairly complex. The IOS source code is a highly guarded secret at Cisco. Because of this, it is difficult to write a good simulator and invariably the first version of any simulator will not be able to provide a good simulation. Look for more established simulators with a good track record for the best simulation experience.

4. Price - What is the price of the CCNA virtual lab? Generally the price of a Cisco simulator is quite affordable. Good CCNA virtual labs are available for $150 of less. This is a steal when compared to the cost of setting up your own home lab by purchasing used Cisco switches and routers.

About the Author:

If you found this article interesting, visit SavvyNetCert.Com to learn more about what to know when buying a CCNA virtual lab and how to choose a Cisco router simulator.

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By Michael Stanton

The first video game, astonishingly, was developed in the 1950's. It was developed as a project for A.S. Dougal's PhD degree. To think, a simple edition of Tic-Tac-Toe was the result. It was two decades later that the first commercial home game console was released - this was the Odyssey, designed by Ralph Baer. Magnavox released the game. The Odyssey incased twelve games. The home game console was released in 1972 and a year before that Nolan Bushnell, as well as Ted Dabney produced the first arcade game. This game - Computer Space - was based on Nolan's Spacewar game. The following year, Nolan Bushnell and Al Alcorn hit gold with the release of their new arcade game: Pong! With this great new game, everyone wanted to be the master of Pong! When they realized the potential, Bushnell and Dabney's new company - Atari - released Pong! as a home video game. This was in 1975.

The computer gaming industry is now a billion dollar business. Those hardcore gamers still fondly remember Pong! but for most it is naught but a distant memory. From a humble beginning sprouted a gigantic industry. Serious gamers will tell you that buying a gaming PC or gaming laptop should not be done without professional input and lots of thought. In today's world, most people require laptops or notebooks because of their mobility. Many different laptops can be found on the market today and when buying gaming laptops you should take the following factors into consideration:

Processor The processor is the most important part of your laptop - especially so with gaming laptops. Recent games need at least a 1.6 GHz processor but they recommend a 2 GHz processor. Anything less than this will most likely not be suitable for the newest and best games.

Memory After the CPU, Memory is most definitely the most important component to consider when buying a gaming laptop. Don't be too economical when deciding on the size of memory you require. A low memory will drastically slow your computer, and will surely frustrate any self respecting gamer. You will need to buy a laptop with RAM memory of at least 1GB; however, it is strongly recommended that you don't settle for anything under 2GB, as newer games need a lot of memory to give the best possible results. As for memory speed, it is recommended that you don't settle for anything under 667Mhz.

Graphics Whether you are playing strategy games, war games or racing games, you need a great graphics card to truly appreciate the experience. You should definitely opt for the latest graphics processor with dedicated memory. Definitely do not settle for a graphics card with less than 512MB dedicated memory. Though, even that has become quite a low amount of dedicated memory.

Hard Drive With how fast technology changes and improves, you will find that what was sufficient a few years ago is less than acceptable today. A 100GB hard drive is nowadays laughable to most serious gamers and 500GB is even less than sufficient. A saving grace is that portable hard drives of 1GB up to and exceeding 1TB is available and you just need to hook it up to your computer to add to your hard drive space.

Optical Drive With the optical drive (CD, DVD ect.) you can settle for something a bit cheaper as this does not rely on specific speeds or other necessities. The only thing you need to consider is if you want a multiformat (DVD RW) DVD burner.

Display No self-respecting gamer will settle for a gaming laptop with a screen size less than 19 inches. Go with maximum resolution available on the screen size of your choice, as this will enhance your viewing pleasure whenever you decide to pop in a movie dvd or blu-ray disc. It will also seem to greatly improve the graphics output of your chosen game.

As you can see, there are many things to consider when buying a gaming laptop, and you should not take to this challenge without advice from professionals if you are new to gaming. Ask around, and remember to shop around. Computer sales are a competitive environment, and you may be surprised by some of the specials out there.

About the Author:

Michael Stanton is a gaming laptops expert. He currently owns the NP8662.

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By Luke B Duffy

Most of the time, every day business needs will go through a lot of printer ink. So, if you're looking to buy some Epson ink cartridges then it's worth stocking up so that next time you run out, you won't be completely stuck until you've bought more. You can find a huge range of options on the web and it's easy to find what you're looking for these days.

When you're shopping online it's a good idea to have a pen and paper with you so that you can keep notes while you browse the web. Also, remember that research is important so it's wise to use the information that you find to your advantage. For example, while you're making notes, bookmark the page and then you can come back to it later when you're ready to buy.

There are lots of options to choose from and you may find it difficult to make up your mind. Well, if that's the case then you should read on to learn how to choose the right products for your needs. You will also need to set yourself a budget so that you don't overspend.

It's all about research when you're buying online. You will need to be aware of everything on today's market. When it comes to Epson ink cartridges, you're likely to find a range of prices, even though it's a branded product. That's because different companies have different wholesale agreements.

You will then need to consider the type of Epson ink cartridges available on today's market and do some research to find out which options are best suited to your needs. It can be quite easy to find what you're looking for if you hit the internet and have a good look around.

If you have a good look around on the internet you should find that there are plenty of options available. Have a browse and do some searches on Google to see what comes up. You'll probably be surprised at the amount of choice for such a simple purchase.

About the Author:

Writer Luke B Duffy talks about finding Epson ink cartridges online. www.inkworldwide.co.uk has a large range of options and information so you should easily get what you're looking for.

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